Ethnic Roots of the Caribbean Cuisine Information and Presentation - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 429 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Ethnic roots of the Caribbean Cuisine The Caribbean island is that place where people visit at times when they want to shed their stress. The Caribbean meal is a mixture of cuisines from a number of countries in the world, namely China, Africa, India, and Spain, just to name a few. According to studies on this type of meal, it is believed that each country added their own ingredient in order to produce the Caribbean cuisine (Ortiz Cruz Russ, 47-49). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Ethnic Roots of the Caribbean Cuisine: Information and Presentation" essay for you Create order It is true to say that the meal was derived from the wide range of cultural influences that were practiced in the Caribbean islands. It is the different touch from different people that have transformed the meal into an ultimate exotic tolerance. In order to clearly understand the history of the Caribbean island, one should be in a position to understand the people of this region. The island has a unique cultural identity that has been developed by the slaves from Africa, European colonialists and the long legacy of the citizens of the Indian tribes. The lifestyle of the people of Caribbean is influenced by the setting of its tropical climate (Goucher, 12). The architecture, attitudes customs and the music of this region have all in the way been influenced by the climatic conditions of the region. The culture of the Caribbean island is a mixture of colonial stay at the island and has been driven by major ethnic groups that had occupied the region such as Africans and the East Indians. The Jamaicans also claim a successful democracy in the Caribbean (Rosa, Chris De La). The fact that the Caribbean island is composed of a number of cultures from different people of different countries hence composed of different distinct regional differences. Each of the distinct group has different food (Rosa, Chris De La). The island is rich in the cultural practices of the Africans besides the fact that it was a colony of the British. The Caribbean Cuisine is a meal that is composed of a number of spices that are believed to have a number of health and medical benefits. Research has clearly indicated that there is a eugenol, essential oil from the allspice berry that has been used widely by dentists as an antiseptic for teeth. It is also believed that the meal is used to control indigestion but little or no scientific support. There are a number of holidays that are associated with Caribbean Cuisine meal especially the Christmas tradition where people in this region will spend the whole visiting each others homes to eat.

New Imperialism Influence on China Essay - 586 Words

Before the arrival of western powers, China was very stable, agricultural, and ethnocentric. They had many factories that produced silk, cotton, and porcelain with their natural resources: salt, tin, silver, and iron mines. They had no interest of trade or interaction with foreigners. From the early eighteenth century, European and American Imperialism spread throughout China with a goal to extend their nation’s power. China was one of many territories that undertook the changes of New Imperialism. By 1912, the country was governed by outside nations: Great Britain (mostly), Russia, Germany, France, and Japan. Their influence on China resulted malignantly on the country’s economy, political ties, and lifestyle; in spite of the few†¦show more content†¦Also, citizens became addicted, and the drug eventually killed thousands of people. China’s actions angered Britain politicians even though opium was illegal in Britain as well. But was a result, war starte d between the two countries. In 1842, the treaty of Nanking ended the war. It was the first unequal treaty with Britain and it said that Chinese had to give up Hong Kong to Britain for ninty-nine years, the British would live in China by extraterritoriality at four ports, distribution of opium would continue and Christain missionaries will be set up throughout China. When China couldn’t meet the ridiculous requirements of the treaty, the second Opium War began in 1956. As a result, Britain won again by the Treaty of Tientsin. The treaty asked to open more ports to outer nations, let foreign leaders into the capital Beijing, and legalized the distribution and use of opium. Their situation was dangerously bad. After the war, internal conflicts emerged. In 1899, the Boxer Rebellion started with the opposition to foreign spheres of influence. They were angry about the missionaries, and legalization of opium. The Boxers massacred Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox missionaries eve rywhere and their leader called for a brutal anti Christian policy. But soon, the Great Powers came in the way and defeated them. This event only made the spheres more powerful. Then in 1901, the Boxer Protocol was announced and its intent was to executeShow MoreRelatedWestern Imperialism and Modern East Asia Essay example1188 Words   |  5 PagesWestern imperialism in East Asia caused many tribulations for China, Japan, and Korea but also helped them to become contemporary nations. The East Asian countries were tremendously affected by unequal treaties, extraterritoriality, and above all, technology. Great Britain encroached upon China their greed for open trade with the Chinese empire resulting in the deterioration of the Chinese culture, which led to the emergence of a modernized civilization. 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When Commodore Matthew Perry visited, Japan realized that isolation had resulted in their inability to develop economically and militarily with the industrialized world. Thus from 1854 to 1914, the Japanese changed from being under the influence of imperialism to becoming an imperialist nation, as well asRead More British Imperialism in India and China Essay736 Words   |  3 PagesBritish Imperialism in India and China Imperialism is the domination of a weaker country by a stronger country. For instance Britain dominated India and China in the mid 1880s to the beginning of the 20th century. Imperialism has had both a positive and negative effects on the countries involved. Britain was imperialistic for many reasons, it could dominate because it had the technology and power to do so. 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Human Resources and Their Recruiting Medium Free Essays

I. Introduction to Online Recruiting There are several methods used by employees to recruit job applicants. Human resource recruiters can use traditional methods such as posting a job listing in a newspaper or hire an employment agency to search for job applicants. We will write a custom essay sample on Human Resources and Their Recruiting Medium or any similar topic only for you Order Now They may also choose to communicate with career office employees at universities and colleges to attract candidates, use networking methods at professional organizations, advertise in newspapers or on television, or use more recent recruiting sources such as the internet to find potential future employees. Recruiting job seekers over the Internet is a recent trend that allows organizations to successfully hire qualified applicants to join their corporation’s workforce at a low cost compared to some other recruiting procedures. In recent times, many firms advertise job opportunities by placing a job posting on the Internet for external job hires. Some companies even use the Intranet to hire employees internal to the organization. The Intranet is used for internal recruiting purposes within a company and is a system that allows employees to view job openings at the company they currently work for. Through both the Internet and Intranet, job applicants can view the available positions and submit their resumes online. Employees can review several resumes and follow up by contacting candidates for interviews. Job recruiting over the Internet allows candidates and corporations a chance to connect. Online recruiting is a fast growing, popular service of the World Wide Web that many organizations are using for recruiting purposes. The employment industry has taken a big step towards recruiting in cyberspace. Applicants can be quickly located and recruited to join a team at a corporation. â€Å"Recruiting is the process of generating a pool of qualified applicants for organizational jobs.† (Mathis and Jackson, pg. 70) Recruiting over the Internet is not a replacement for traditional methods like radio advertising, newspaper listings, networking or attending career fairs, but is becoming very popular in our society. It is a good resource when an applicant is in search of a career opportunity. Lately, many newspapers place their job ads online for job seekers to view. Electronic advertising is a method of recruiting that corporations should consider when searching for qualified applicants to fill an opening in an organization. Companies should use this tool to attract qualified people. It is very important to recruit productive, trustworthy employees that will fit in the corporation’s cultural environment and help the company achieve the established goals. Employees should follow the mission of the organization and work to help the business succeed. People, our human resources, need to be trained to meet these corporate goals. It is very costly to hire an employee that steals from the business or leaves the company after several training and recruiting dollars have been spent. Human resource managers want to obtain people that can grow with the company and are motivated employees. Electronic recruiting can be used to find employees with these skills. â€Å"The net has spawned a national marketplace for professional, managerial, and technical jobs.† (â€Å"Life on the web†) In the book, Smart Strategies, the author suggests you consider five approaches if you want to recruit online. First, you should â€Å"create your own web page on which you describe your company and list your employment needs.† Many organizations use this resource for applicants already interested in the company to view. It is also important to use an online headhunter for specialized or hard-to-find positions. Make sure the headhunter has a good reputation and is experienced in this field. Next, use search engines to locate applicants. The employer can simply type in a keyword such as accounting to narrow the search. Also, post your job listing on a Usenet newsgroup. Last, communicate with applicants through listserves. This means that you can specify your job openings and users are allowed to narrow their field of search. An applicant may search by state, company name, job title, or qualifications for the position. As you can see, subscribers receive a list on a specific topic of interest through electronic mailings. â€Å"The Internet opens a whole new world to the recruiting process. Online recruiting is definitely an employment tool of the future for companies of all sizes.† (Outlaw, pg. 80) Career sites such as The Monster Board allow individuals with various interests an opportunity to place their resumes online. â€Å"About 45 percent of the 50,000 jobs on The Monster Board are for one sort of technician or another, about 20 percent of the listings involve product management and development, and roughly 35 percent are completely nontechnical, such as marketing and retailing positions.† (Maynard, pg. 2) Large employers and smaller organizations use the Internet to find a person to fill a vacancy at their company. Roberta Maynard says, â€Å"about 70% of the companies recruiting on The Monster Board have under 50 employees.† Also, â€Å"the latest statistic revealed 1 million resumes online, 1.2 million jobs offered, 3,500 employment Web sites and 5,800 recruiting companies online in 1996, according to Internet Business Network’s 1997 Electronic Recruiting Index.† (Wells, pg.1) More recent data probably indicates more resumes entered online, more jobs offered through this method, and an increase in organizations specializing in this area. This method of recruiting is becoming very popular for businesses to use. III. Advantages to the Job Candidates There are several benefits to candidates who use computerized services to find a job position. Many college graduates and professionals take advantage of Electronic Search Firms such as Online Career Center, CareerPath, CareerBuilder, and JobCenter to search for employment opportunities or view the websites of corporations they are interested in. One popular online database system is Careermosaic and can be found at the web address http://www.careermosaic.com where users can enter their resume for companies to review. Web sites such as Careermosaic offer advantages to the applicant by as giving the candidate the ability to gather information on organizations and various job opportunities, send out mass quantities of resumes to be viewed by several employers, state geographic preferences, and enjoy cost savings benefits for the applicant. Job candidates also save a tremendous amount of time using this method compared to other job hunting processes, may be able to look for internal jobs, and might find a site that allows them to look for a position by area of specialty or interest. A. Information Gathering on Organizations and Various Job Opportunities Applicants can read about current positions and jobs that have been listed for awhile and find out the necessary qualifications for the career opportunity. The candidate may even have a chance to view the salary given for a particular position. This system is very easy to use to locate a job position. Also, it is fairly easy to research a company to find background information to enhance interview preparation, areas of expertise, and job postings over the internet and apply for a position that interests you. Some websites even allow you to scan your resume instead of typing it in to apply for potential future employment opportunities. B. Mass Quantities of Resumes Viewed Many recruiters can view your resume by simply placing it on one of these popular sites. It would take a lot of time to send each employer you resume through another method. The candidate can choose a resume web site to submit their resume and wait for organizations to contact them when there is a possible fit for a job position. The ideal geographic location as well as other preferences can be listed on the online resume. For example, a candidate in Michigan graduating from Michigan State University may search for a job position in California and find out the responsibilities for the job, qualifications needed for the position, and which facility is hiring. When the candidate is viewing employment opportunities he or she can look for jobs in a desired location. Placing your resume online and searching company websites is free of charge so the candidate can benefit from cost savings over traditional methods of job searching. It can be very expensive to purchase high quality paper and envelopes as well as stamps to send a company your resume and cover letter. The electronic method also is less expensive compared to fax machines for long distance calls. This automated hiring process speeds up the procedure for both the employee and employer. The submitted resumes can be processed very quickly. You don’t have to wait as long as it would take a typical resume submitted by mail to get into the hands of a human resource recruiter. By placing your information on the Internet, you can save time compared to the time that would be spent on the more traditional methods of sending resumes and cover letters. For example, a computer company in Dallas could place an advertisement for a job on their website or through another service over the Internet. A candidate can view the opening and express his or her interest immediately instead of waiting a few days for a mailed resume to reach the employer. For internal employees searching for a new job in their current place of employment they may have the option of using the Intranet for internal transfers within a company. According to Samuel Greengard, for HR groups today, the most action is on corporate Intranets, which allow secure Web-based communication within a company. Employees that work for an organization and wish to look for an opening in another department or a different position in the area they are currently working in can review the job postings internal to the company on the intranet if the firm has established this service. Dave Taylor, author of â€Å"Hire the best with internet, intranet resume databases,† believes companies can keep their competitive edge by designing a job database on your intranet to help retain employees, move them into their ideal position, and lower the cost of hiring. There are Career Sites that are designed primarily for applicants with certain backgrounds. For example, an applicant interested in being a physician, nurse, pharmacist, or physician’s assistant can search for a job on the Medical Economics Online site. Someone wanting a job in a field like Information Systems can locate a search company that specializes in this area. Candidates can sort through jobs by geographic area, by job type such as marketing or accounting, by company name, or other desired preferences to specify an interest. A job applicant will enjoy the benefits of searching numerous positions that fit their credentials from home or at work. There are also several advantages to the employer that recruits employees online. The recruiter will realize they have a wide audience to reach over the Internet for available job openings and save time compared to other recruiting methods. They may also enjoy the benefit of saving money in this area, can get feedback to find out how many candidates have viewed the job opportunity, and bring attention to the organization. The human resource person also has the ability to sort through resumes submitted to their department, can find a person interested in a specific location to work, and enjoys the benefit of managing the large amounts of resumes received. The Human Resource recruiter discovers the benefit of reaching a wide audience by having a good advertising distribution through electronic websites. This means that the ad for the job position reaches many applicants all over the world. It would take a lot of time to place advertisements on television, in many local papers, or on the radio in several locations to find a suitable individual for a job. Advertisements placed over the Internet tend to reach greater numbers of people. Reaching a wide volume of people is an important factor to many recruiters. A recent term used by some corporations is Just in Time Recruiting (JITR) which brings the candidates to employers at the time that the company needs to hire someone. (Electronic Recruiting News, pg.1) This is very helpful when a company needs a replacement for an employee that left the corporation suddenly or a departmental need is realized. The employer can receive many resumes within hours of a job opening rather than waiting weeks to get resumes in the mail or through fax machines. Applicants can be found in cyberspace within a short time period. One of the most important advantages to the employer looking for possible hires online is the cost savings aspect of this recruiting method. Recruiting over the Internet costs much less than the typical methods of recruiting like advertising in a newspaper. This allows companies an opportunity to slash costs that are spent on recruiting. In comparison, a typical ad placed in a newspaper has a fee of versus an average cost of to place a listing on the Internet. â€Å"Web recruitment sites are free to the searcher, and the employer typically pays $2,000 to $2,500 a month to advertise as many as 100 job openings.† (â€Å"Life of the Web†) The cost to advertise on commercial sites will vary depending on what services the company offers and how long the posting is listed. Some of these sites want to increase the size of their database and do not charge for the service. â€Å"Those that do set fees typically charge $25 to $150 per job listing, with the duration of listings averaging four weeks.† (Maynard, pg. 3) There are some companies that offer the benefit of unlimited postings but charge an annual rate. Dr. Jim Jones from Colombia/HCA, Trident Medical Center said in his round table discussion with our Human Resource Management class that his department uses the internet at times to recruit employees to the hospital and it only costs about $20 a job posting. This is a small amount for such a large hospital. He has found some successful candidates using this method of recruiting employees. In an article on the topic of online recruiting there is a good example given about a Human Resource employee’s experience using this method of attracting applicants and the benefits of this procedure. It says, â€Å"West decided to pay $125 for a classified ad listing that ran for 60 days with an Internet recruiting service. She not only found the right person to fill the job but also saved her company money – a weekend ad in her local paper would have cost three times as much.† (Maynard, pg. 1) â€Å"Some sites offer feedback to the employer, such as tracking the number of resumes that a given job listing generates.† (Maynard, pg. 3) The human resource individual can simply go into the site they posted a job on and look to see how much interest the position has received. Companies can stand out by putting more detail in their listings and can even create their own website to discuss their products and services as well as other corporate characteristics. Corporations should not assume applicants know to go to their website to find a position for future employment but can use their website to advertise job postings. Companies need to bring the individuals looking for employment to their site to use these features. An organization may go through an Electronic Search Firm to attract people to their business. The organization can match an applicant with the desired qualifications to the position. They can simply type in keywords to identify applicants with the necessary skills. â€Å"Adding a section composed entirely of keywords is useful because employees often search resumes for specific skills on a keyword basis.† (Martin, pg. 1) This can be very beneficial to both the recruiter and the job candidate. The Human Resource employee can search through several resumes and choose candidates that match the description of the job. The applicants could have a technical background since they are using a computer source to find a job. Employers have realized applicants in many fields use this service. The resumes are collected and entered into a database that allows employers to search through, store, and sort for keywords or by job type. Recruiters can use sites to search through resumes such as The Monster Board, which is an established service that several job seekers use to find employment and is located at http://www.monster.com. G. Geographic Location Specification If a company chooses to interview international applicants from other countries, the recruiting online method works because it reaches people all over the world. Recruiters can look through resumes to find candidates interested in working in a specific city in a country or even overseas. Online recruiting gives employers the benefit of managing the mass quantities of resumes received. It can be very overwhelming for a human resource representative at a large company to place applicants in various areas and have to read many resumes received for a particular position that may not fit the qualifications the company is looking for in a job candidate. Global Computer News, â€Å"GCN says the office now takes between 8000 and 10,000 applications over a four-day period without being overwhelmed.† (Appleton, pg. 4) V. Things to Consider When Applying Online Although, there are many benefits to recruiting online, there are also some things you should consider when applying for an opportunity at an organization through this method. You should consider the fact that you are only a name or number in a database and do not have personal contact with a recruiter at a company. It is important to differentiate yourself from other candidates. â€Å"Industry experts indicate that job candidates must still differentiate themselves even if a resume is delivered by fax or E-mail.† (Vitello, pg. 1) Some applicants chose to follow up with a phone call to introduce themselves to a representative of the corporation they are trying to work for. Also, remember your current employer may have access to the Internet if you wish to keep your job searching to yourself. There can be a risk to submitting your resume over the net. â€Å"On those databases, resumes can be just as easily accessed by a present employer as any other.† (Bergstrom, pg. 3) â€Å"Sending highly personal resume information electronically involves security risks.† (Appleton, pg. 1) It is not always the applicants with great qualifications that search the web either. Human resource employees at some corporations may not use the Internet to recruit employees so applicants may not be able to use this source in all situations. Not everyone has technological skills. A disadvantage for the job candidate that wants to apply for employment opportunities online is that they don’t always know where to go to submit their resume. Another thing to consider when putting your credentials online is that the user of a career site should make sure they have the option to make edits to the resume they submit online. Jeff Walker, Major Accounts Receivable Manager from Automatic Data Processing (ADP) discussed the topic of electronic recruiting at the Society of Human Resource Management Association meeting on June 15, 1999. He said ADP does recruit employees over the Internet and can offer this opportunity to other companies interested in using this method. Mr. Walker believes the costs of recruiting are increasing and organizations should use the electronic recruiting methods to help locate candidates that match the skills needed for the job position. The web has a wide reach of potential applicants, can offer faster access to information on candidates, and is convenient. Employers like internet recruiting because it gives â€Å"faster results via electronic medium, has access to new talent base, cost less than traditional methods, is easy to integrate existing technologies with recruiting methods, and provides quality candidates.† (Jeff Walker Presentation to SHRM, June 15, 1999) Nancy , a Human Resource recruiter from Mecosa, located on Daniels Island, says their company is starting to think about recruiting job applicants online but is focusing on other important issues currently. She does wish to recruit over the Internet but it will take some time before the company is ready to step into this area. A guest at the SHRM meeting, Deborah Coleman, a human resource employee from Berkeley – Dorchester EDC has used this process to find employees a few times. Clint and Maxine from Williams Technology in Summerville, South Carolina have used this recruiting method to find a few employees but have not used this process extensively. Many companies realize there are many benefits to recruiting employees online but most organizations using this procedure currently are large businesses or smaller companies that have available resources. For example, Allison Dennis, from Santee Cooper does use electronic recruiting to locate potential applicants and enjoys the be nefits of the process. Although there are some things to consider when using online recruiting methods for hiring or job searching purposes, many individuals and corporations enjoy the advantages of electronic recruiting to find employment opportunities or to place an individual in a job opening. Online recruiting is a way to recruit job candidates that has been growing in popularity in our society and probably will continue to be used by many organizations to find qualified applicants for job openings. It has been a successful procedure for human resource recruiters all over. I. Introduction to Employee Selection Tests When deciding on hiring a job applicant or not there are various tests we might decide to administer to the individuals to access their potential for a job opening. We may consider the accuracy and usefulness of the different options to screen employees including selection exams. Also, many question the validity of these tests when deciding on administering them or not to jobseekers. If used correctly the various selection tests can provide useful information on candidates to an organization. â€Å"Proper selection can minimize the costs of replacement and training, reduce legal challenges and result in a more productive workforce.† (Ranner, pg. 1) Many think the popularity of these exams is growing and more corporations are administering these tests to prospects of employment. Employers would like to predict which candidates would be successful if offered a position with the company so they use selection tests. â€Å"Some employers purchase prepared tests, whereas others develop there own.† (Mathis Jackson, pg. 79) Blackbaud does use various selection tests such as There are several selection tests that employers give to potential candidates to access their potential as future employees. Employers may use skills tests such as math or computer exams, genetic screening, drug and alcohol tests, handwriting analysis, medical exams, and psychological or personality tests to select employees. They may also choose to give honesty and written integrity exams, emotional intelligence exams, and AIDS tests to determine if the individual will receive a job at a company. Many organizations give skills exams like math tests or computer examinations to determine the capabilities of a potential employee. Often times clerical exams or another type of knowledge test is given to determine the applicant’s skills. The employer needs to know this information to decide if it is worth training an applicant that lacks some abilities for the job or hire an individual who can perform the given duties. If the exam relates to the job responsibilities than employers should not worry about being sued for asking job seekers to take a skills test. A recent trend in corporations is to perform genetic screening before deciding to hire an individual. These tests can explain the background of the applicant. This screening process can â€Å"identify individuals who are hypersensitive to harmful pollutants in the workplace.† (Schuler and Huber, pg. 251) These employees can be placed in other positions that are not hazardous to their health if it is determined there is a risk. There is a debate over the ethics of using this method to screen applicants for a job. â€Å"Believe it or not, some big companies are using gene testing to screen out job applicants vulnerable to expensive and debilitating diseases.† (Cronin, pg. 1) Many organizations use drug and alcohol screening to eliminate hiring employees that may not be productive because of bad habits. It is important to employ individuals that do not have problems of substance abuse. Often times, employees with drug or alcohol addictions come to work late, are not motivated, and do not perform their job responsibilities adequately. â€Å"Drug studies have been done to help indicate problems that may occur with people that have drug problems. These studies indicate that a single pre-employment drug test can differentiate groups of persons at higher risk for certain poor job behaviors.† ( ) Many applicants expect to be tested for drugs and know methods to pass these exams so organizations should be aware of this possibility. â€Å"Preplacement tests are administered after a company makes a job offer contingent upon a clean result.† (Cronin, pg.4) Candidates should fill out a questionnaire before tested for drug usage because prescription drug use can show up in the laboratory results. A sample of urine, hair, or blood can be taken from the prospective employee to identify possible drug usage. The accuracy of drug tests varies according to the type of test used, the item tested, and the quality of the laboratory where the test samples are sent.† (Mathis and Jackson, pg.82) Companies that provide care-giving services usually test for drug usage because employees need to be prepared to respond to emergencies. Several organizations administer these exams to their employees. Handwriting analysis (graphology) is useful if the expert predicting it is experience in interpreting handwriting samples. The candidate may be asked to write a one -page summary on why they would be a good fit for the job and signs it at the bottom. This procedure only takes about ten minutes but will be analyzed also to determine the analysis of the handwriting. Handwriting exams are inexpensive, simple, and can reveal a lot about the personality of an applicant. There is a fee of about $150 for a two-page evaluation of a person’s handwriting. A behavioral style analysis in the shorter versions runs for a cost of around $90-$150 for a two-page evaluation. As far as handwriting analysis in business, â€Å"In the selection of personnel, handwriting analysis is an invaluable tool for helping to choose the most suitable person for the job.† â€Å"For job seekers handwriting analysis provides an added bonus in that it requires no painful or embarrassing interview which a sensitive candidate is likely to see as an invasion of privacy.† Medical exams might be given to employees during the screening process. â€Å"After you make an offer, you can, under federal law, require a complete head-to-toe physical and access to all medical records.† (Michael P. Cronin, pg.4) In the United States, eleven of the states limit the use of this medical information to job-related needs. There is a high cost to the employer to give physical exams to potential employees so this is often done after other screening procedures are completed. â€Å"According to the Uniform Guidelines, physical examinations should be used to screen out applicants when the results indicate that job performance would be adversely affected.† (Huber and Schuler, pg. 250) â€Å"The Americans with Disability Act prohibits a company from rejecting an individual because of a disability and from asking job applicants any questions relative to current or past medical history until a conditional job offer is made.† (Mathis and Jackson, pg.82) These exams are valid if the physical characteristics of the candidate are essential to the job responsibilities. The American and Disabilities Act prohibits companies with more than 15 employees to ask questions about a candidates medical conditions before a job offer is given. Employers need to have a valid reason for not hiring someone based on a medical exam. F. Psychological or Personality Examinations Psychological or personality examinations may be given during the selection of future employees process. An exam may be used as a personality tool and could give results such as showing how aggressive a future sales representative will act. Companies may screen for emotional disorders but organizations should be careful because these tests should only be used for employees that work in security positions only because you don’t want an employee that is considered dangerous to have a gun. The federal government in 1988 banned lie-detector tests and psychological tests became popular. These exams can test for an applicant’s propensity to steal. They are used to look for emotional disorders in job candidates. How to cite Human Resources and Their Recruiting Medium, Essay examples

Nutritional Case Analysis Of Hala Bira †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Nutritional Case Analysis Of Hala Bira. Answer: Introduction Diet and nutrition are very crucial for elders as it enhances the risk of cardiac diseases, diabetes and other physical and mental ailments (WHO, 2018). In this assignment a case study of Ms. Hala Bira (43) has been presented, who has lived at the rehabilitation center for more than 30 years, however due to some reasons she has started losing weight tremendously which is deleterious to her health. This assignment aims to discuss the situation of Ms. Hala Bira and regarding that will describe the situation, which need to be changed and the nutritional plan that will help in the improvement of Hala Biras condition. Discussion While going through the case of Ms. Hala Bira, it was observed that, though she used to live in the rehabilitation center for 30 years, she was found to be nutritionally deprived from past three tears and losing weight tremendously. Further the healthcare facilities found that she used to skip her lunch and dinner, despite of her favorite food items. He used to dump her food, when no supervisor or carer was around. These actions determined that the rehabilitation center lacked monitoring and caring facilities. Proper monitoring and guidance is important for the growth and development of any habit and Hala Bira needs 24 hour guidance because it might possible that due to aging, she has lost her appetite due to which, she usually had her breakfast but skips het lunch and dinner (Holyday et al., 2012). Hence, the first thing, that need to be changed was her monitoring and care facility, so that she is constantly under observation of health authorities. As awareness of the applied intervention helps to improve the health condition of patient more than uninformed interventions because the patient also applies his or her energy to recover faster. Therefore the first health promotion action that will be used as an intervention will be learning session, in which, Hala Bira will be taught about importance of diet and nutrition. Further through the presentation of the learning session and different activities the barriers of Hala Bira to attain her dietetic requirements can be assessed (White et al., 2012). For example, the check list she filled regarding the Determine Your Nutritional Health Checklist" (American Academy of Family Physicians, 2018). It was important as the healthcare workers in the rehabilitation center were unable to understand the issues she was facing because Hala Bira used to be quite and did not talk to anyone. Therefore, teaching plan or informative session with the patient with some activities that can reveal the b arriers which affect the patients mental and physical state to achieve wellbeing is beneficial for such treatment. Further, a plan should be prepared keeping all the factors of Determine Your Nutritional Health Checklist" as removing all those barriers can help Hala Bira to eat as per her diet and nutritional requirement (Tappenden et al., 2013). While assessing the checklist filled by Hala Bira, it was seen that she has circled points which states that, she eats alone everyday (1 point), she is unable to cook or shop (2 points), she has lost more than 10 pounds unwillingly (2 points), she takes too much medicines (1 point). Furthermore, she accepted that she eats less than 2 meals per day (3 points), she had to change her diet because of illness (2 points) and is suffering from tooth and mouth problem (2 points) (American Academy of Family Physicians, 2018). Hence according to these factors, she was at higher nutritional risk. Therefore, an intervention should be used for her treatment, because as per the checklist, she is depressed about her changing health condition that makes her have so many medicines and have her lunch dinner alone (Volkert, 2013). Hence, as intervention, plans to make her happy and involve in conversations or discussions should be involved. Her care providers should eat with her so that she does not feel alone and should be provided with tactics that will help her to attain her daily nutritional requirements. The carers should always observe her while having food and for encouragement, should eat with her. Stress-free eating habit will help to balance the dietetic issues of Hala Bira and she will regain her lost weight (Rist, Miles Karimi, 2012). Further to involve her in the cooking procedure, carers should involve her in food making process, it will help to boost her appetite and she will be able to increase her consumption gradually. Furthermore, for the habit of drinking water, she will be asked to drink water after having her medicines which will increase her level of water consumption too (Holyday et al., 2012). Further to make her busy and feel important in the rehabilitation center, she will be involved in the sessions such as exercises, gardening, art and craft, which will distract her focus from her physical and mental ailments and improve her appetite. Finally to understand the improvement in Hala Bira regarding her nutritional habit, an assessment will be carried out using a 10 close-ended question based questionnaire related to her current state of food and nutrition. Depending on the response, the intervention will be modified or similar intervention will be extended (White et al., 2012). Conclusion Diet and nutrition are the reason for a maximum of the physical illness because imbalanced nutritional habit hampers the balance of human physiology. The World Health Organization has also stated the fact that diseases such as heart related issues, diabetes and blood pressure related diseases are the effects of imbalanced micro and macro nutrition within the body. Hala Bira has several issues such as loneliness, depression due to medical condition and excessive weight loss and appetite loss that lead her consume less than two meals every day. It was observed that she used to dump her lunch and dinner while the carers were not present, hence the assignment suggested that she should always be observed by carers and the carer should have his/her dinner with Hala Bira so that her loneliness can be removed. Furthermore, the assignment presented a plan including, involving her in activities to keep her busy and divert her negative thinking away and focus on constructive and creative activi ties. Furthermore, a teaching plan to involve her in the intervention was also mentioned in the assignment followed by evaluation of Hala Biras understanding regarding importance of diet and nutrition. All these were aimed to attain success in interventions aimed for Hala Bira. References American Academy of Family Physicians. (2018).American Academy of Family Physicians.Aging.sc.gov. Retrieved 25 February 2018, from https://aging.sc.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Trainings/Nutrition%20Check%20list.pdf Holyday, M., Daniells, S., Bare, M., Caplan, G. A., Petocz, P., Bolin, T. (2012). Malnutrition screening and early nutrition intervention in hospitalised patients in acute aged care: a randomised controlled trial.The journal of nutrition, health aging,16(6), 562-568. Rist, G., Miles, G., Karimi, L. (2012). The presence of malnutrition in community?living older adults receiving home nursing services.Nutrition Dietetics,69(1), 46-50. Tappenden, K. A., Quatrara, B., Parkhurst, M. L., Malone, A. M., Fanjiang, G., Ziegler, T. R. (2013). Critical role of nutrition in improving quality of care: an interdisciplinary call to action to address adult hospital malnutrition.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics,113(9), 1219-1237. Volkert, D. (2013). Malnutrition in older adults-urgent need for action: a plea for improving the nutritional situation of older adults.Gerontology,59(4), 328-333. White, J. V., Guenter, P., Jensen, G., Malone, A., Schofield, M. (2012). Consensus statement of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition: characteristics recommended for the identification and documentation of adult malnutrition (undernutrition).Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics,112(5), 730-738. WHO. (2018).WHO | Nutrition for older persons.Who.int. Retrieved 25 February 2018, from https://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/ageing/en/index1.html

10+ Best WordPress YouTube Channels You Should Check Out

So whats the deal with WordPress YouTube channels? Well, if youre anything like us, the first step  when you cant figure out how to do something with  WordPress is to find  a tutorial. However, finding an adequate guide within  the sheer volume  of content available  can be tough – even more so if youre looking for one that includes appropriate visual aids.Thats where YouTube comes in. Everybody knows its a fantastic platform for learning all manner  of new skills, but its not always the first place a WordPress enthusiast would consider to check for tips or tutorials. Thats a shame, because there are plenty of  WordPress YouTube channels out there, full of great content.With the above in mind, weve sorted through the proverbial haystack for your benefit and compiled a list of our ten favorite WordPress YouTube channels devoted to our favorite platform.  Lets get cracking!10+ Best WordPress YouTube channels1. WPCrafterWPCrafter is a popular channel (with 131k subscribers) by WordPress educator, Adam Preiser. This YouTube channel posts videos on everything from WordPress updates to How-to guides. Youd be able to find some cool videos on SEO, conversion optimization and eCommerce as well. But his channel is majorly focused on creating WordPress sites using page builders.Unlike most of the WordPress YouTube channels in our list, WPCrafter offers more versatility. Also, Adam Preisers channel is one of our best WordPress YouTube recommendations for non-techies. WPCrafter publish in-depth, easy-to-understand video tutorials.Featured video 2. WebTegrity / Kori AshtonKori Ashton releases WordPress-related videos like clockwork, every Wednesday. Her WordPress YouTube channel has  over 35,000 subscribers, and she covers topics including  SEO tips, WordPress how-tos, and plugin roundups. Some of their best videos  include a roundup of the best free responsive themes, a guide to making phone numbers clickable in WordPress, and a Revolution Sl ider review.The team behind the channel, WebTegrity, also offers their WordPress-related services in real life, including classes – and considering the quality of their channel, wed be willing to bet those classes are worth a shot!Featured video 3. Tyler MooreTyler Moore is the mastermind behind this  eponymous  WordPress YouTube channel. He regularly posts step-by-step web development guides (with an emphasis on WordPress) for his sizable audience of  305,000+ subscribers, and he takes pride in never skipping a single step of the learning process.If you dont believe us, take a look at his three hour guide to building a WordPress website in 2016 (which is admittedly the longest video on his channel).Featured video 4. WebsiteWizard.tvAlthough WebsiteWizard.tv doesnt bill itself as a WordPress channel, the guys  behind the scenes  sure do post a lot of content about the worlds favorite content management system. This modestly-sized channel (currently clocking almost 9 ,900 subscribers) was born in 2014 to help entrepreneurs, business owners, and freelancers improve their web development skills.Since then, the channel has  published several series looking at  how to build WordPress sites, as well as the occasional feature-length guide. Aside from these, theyve also covered SEO optimization tutorials and the ever-popular plugin roundup category.Featured video 5. WPBeginnerIts hard for WordPress YouTube channels to claim a higher pedigree than WPBeginner, considering its parent website. As you might expect, this channel goes way beyond the basics when it comes to WordPress tutorials. Over  144,000 subscribers benefit from weekly videos covering all kinds of topics such as  how to make a  WordPress site private,  setting automatic backups, and even creating wedding websites.WPBeginners  videos are short and concise, and most of them are based on preexisting articles – so viewers get the benefit of having a transcript of sorts ava ilable if they have trouble grasping any step.Featured video 6. UploadWPAlthough its video thumbnails may look deceivingly like infomercial advertisements, UploadWP  is an exceptional channel filled with in-depth WordPress tutorials. Its unassuming host has managed to accumulate over 14,000 subscribers thanks to posting several videos per month (although his upload schedule is a bit erratic), with an emphasis on WooCommerce-related content.Some of the channels  best hits include a top to bottom guide on  setting up a WooCommerce page, and how to create a custom email template for your e-commerce endeavors.Featured video 7. Lets Build WordPressMartie is the name of the man behind Lets Build WordPress, and the cartoon appearing in most of his video thumbnails is modeled after him. Under that colorful beanie, however, there happens to be a real WordPress pro whos been hard at work creating tutorials since 2013.Although he doesnt post new videos as regularly as some of our other p icks, Martie has nonetheless amassed  over 19,000 subscribers, thanks to his channels wide range  of topics. If we had to pick a  favorite, wed have to go with his guide to creating a portfolio website using WordPress.Featured video 8. WPTutsWPTuts is a seriously slick (check out their thumbnails) WordPress YouTube channel, with an emphasis on guides for both the Slider Revolution and Visual Composer plugins. Their viewership is around 52,000 subscribers) – and what stands out at this channel is the highly specialized nature of some of their guides  .Featured video 9. Ferdy KorpershoekWordPressKing is another one-man operation, this time helmed by a photographer, videographer, and web developer.  Despite  his many responsibilities, Ferdy Korpershoek finds the time to create and upload multiple WordPress-related videos per month.Ferdy is popular among his near-91,000 subscribers for his no-nonsense approach to problem-solving. Each of his videos is designed to help you solve a particular issue and boy, does he deliver.Featured video 10. KatrinahWhile nowadays Katrinah is an independent web developer and designer, many years ago she used to work a nine-to-five corporate gig. Along the way, she taught herself all she needed to know about WordPress, and  since 2012  shes been helping others to learn too – from the basics to the highly-specific.Katrinah has amassed nearly 46,000 subscribers, and while many of her videos are long-form (some clocking in at over two hours), many others are well under 20 minutes – so theres something to cater to all types.Featured video 11. WinningWPThrough this great video collection, WinningWP channel provides a variety of guides for users that are just starting out with WordPress. From general to very specific tutorials, guys at WinningWP provide a handful of lengthy videos of around one hour of content, but youll also find quick tricks lasting for 2-3 minutes.This WordPress-related channel gets updated with new videos at least two times a month (sometimes even five times) and managed to gather a community of over 5,900 subscribers in only two years of existence.Featured video 12. Hogan ChuaIf you are a big fan of eCommerce, dropshipping and WordPress, then you should definitely subscribe this WordPress Youtube channel. Hogan Chua publishes both the WordPress tutorials and site-building videos. One of his videos on setting up an eCommerce store with WordPress is timed more than 240 minutes. His channel has over 48.4k subscribersFeatured video 13. WPLearningLabWPLearningLab is a YouTube channel and website from Bjorn Allipas. His channel has over 71,500 subscribers. Bjorns channel is dedicated to entrepreneurs and beginners to help them setup (and run) their business sites.You can find multiple videos on speeding up your WordPress sites and all of them offer unique tips tricks. WPLearningLab even provides quick-fixes on Contact form, 4xx and other WordPress related errors.F eatured video 14. ThemeIsleAlthough our channel is still in diapers compared to many others in this list, in time we intend to become one of the leading WordPress YouTube sources too.Along with more general WordPress tutorials and tips, there are also valuable how-tos for many of our themes. Were also tying in articles to our video content, giving you a multitude of options for learning how to use our themes and plugins. Untill now we have been subscribed by over 17,000+ WordPress users.Featured video ConclusionYouTube may not be your first stop  for WordPress-related content, but it should!  As with any other platform, the key when looking for great channels  is to keep an eye out for those  providing high-quality, relevant advice. If they can also complement your learning from  other sources, even better!In this post, we presented ten WordPress YouTube channels to check out. Lets recap:WPCrafter: Channel with all-purpose WordPress resources.WebTegrity: All-round WordPres s guides for all audiences.Tyler Moore: Step-by-step tutorials for beginners.WebsiteWizard.tv: Guides and how-tos for entrepreneurs.WPBeginner: Simple to complex tutorials for all users.UploadWP:  WooCommerce tips and tricks.Lets Build WordPress:  General WordPress tutorials for enthusiasts.WPTuts: Great guides for Slider Revolution and Visual Composer users.WordPressKing: No-nonsense guides for WordPress aficionados.Katrinah: A good source for WordPress users of all abilities.WinningWP: Tutorials and tips for beginners.WPLearninglab : entrepreneurial videos to scale your WordPress site.Hogan Chua:  Perfect place for WordPress and eCommerce guides.ThemeIsle:  General WordPress-related resources plus tutorials and how-tos for our own themes.Do you know of any other  great  WordPress YouTube channels that youd like to share with us? Let us know  in the comments section below!Free guide5 Essential Tips to Speed Up Your WordPress SiteReduce your loading time by even 50-80% just by following simple tips.

race for world war 1 essays

race for world war 1 essays The Space Race grew out of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union, the most powerful nations after World War II. For a half-century, the two superpowers competed for primacy in a global struggle pitting a democratic society against totalitarian communism. Space was a crucial arena for this rivalry. Before a watchful world, each side sought to demonstrate its superiority through impressive feats in rocketry and spaceflight. Secret satellites kept a wary eye on the adversary. As the Space Race began, the United States and the Soviet Union were building rockets to use as long-range weapons. The United States initially favored bombers, but the Soviets preferred missiles and thus took an early lead in rocket technology. The spectacular public feats by the men and machines of two countries Racing to the Moon and Exploring the Moon thrilled the entire world with the enduring " firsts" of space exploration. At 1969, the Americans successfully landed on the moon. Ironically, the Russians shot out the first satellite to space before we made the remarkable landing on the moon. If tested on achievements, USA probably got the trophy. However, the Russians are the first to make the moves. At the end of the Cold War, the United States and Russia agreed to build a space station and pursue other joint ventures in space. A contest that began in fear and enmity has become a partnership. Created in 1949, NATO's main purpose is "Let Americans in, the Russians out, the Germans down", it's no doubt, the Soviet threat was central to NATO's creation and growth. It involved a collective identity, shared at many different levels (ideological, political, economic, and social) by its members, as well as the recognition of an opposing identity that gave meaning and direction to their efforts. As an alliance NATO is highly institutionalized, with excellent decision-making procedures and an extensive supporting bureaucracy. NATO als ...

IMC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

IMC - Essay Example These include sales promotion, direct marketing, publicity, and advertising. Many big companies have been implementing new ways of technology and media that will help them in their IMC strategies. IMC has become very beneficial to companies in maintaining their competitive advantage, by helping them focus on marketing, operations, and sales resources in promoting the same messages to consumers and by making sure that marketing and sales promises are consistently being delivered. IMC also improves the value of the promotional effort by increasing its cost-effectiveness. This has a direct positive effect on the expenses incurred per unit being sold, which in turn has a positive effect on the balance sheet. Finally, IMC brings out better results for the company because sales, advertising, and marketing functions, which were in the past taken as separate functions now function as one under the IMC. This brings out coordination and cohesiveness that is reflected in positive results for the company. IMC has become a crucial aspect of companies that want to succeed in their operations. This helps in coordinating and branding communication efforts to achieve the objectives of the organization (Schultz, 1993). The most popular version of the IMC planning model is the five-step strategic planning process. This includes selecting the target audience, understanding the target audience decision-making, determining the best positioning, developing a communication strategy, and setting up a media strategy. Selecting the target market starts by analyzing and comprehending the market and understanding consumer wants. This is considered the start of a successful marketing campaign. Once the company has found a niche for its products and services, it is crucial that it does a research on its competitors and similar products and services that are available in the market. After this process, the company can be

Various Methods of Electricity Production Term Paper

Various Methods of Electricity Production - Term Paper Example The pattern of production remains the same for almost all the forms of electricity production. One of the major sources of electricity production which is not environmentally friendly is through coal power plants. (1) Solar and Wind power have low environmental impact, low cost involved and this can be a viable option in rural areas. Solar, hydro and nuclear power are the best options for industrial and rural areas. The start up costs is marginally higher than the traditional methods but the long term benefits are better. (2) The Earth’s resources are not depleted if electricity is produced from the sunlight as solar energy is a renewable source of energy. There are 2 ways of producing solar energy from the sun: photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies. (3) 30% of the photon energy that comes in contact with the AE resource is being converted into energy in a photovoltaic cell. Silicon will be formed with the help of poly crystalline and the photovoltaic cells. Chemical reactions release electrons when they get in contact with PV cell is in contact with the sunlight. The current produced by these cells are placed in a module which helps in producing huge quantity of power for residential houses and industries. This source of electricity production has higher manufacturing costs in producing solar energy but in the recent times, the construction of photovoltaic has been made cheaper. (3) Another traditional way of producing electricity is to use reflectors and concentrate the sunlight to heat gaseous hydrogen, helium, oil to produce pressurized steam which helps in rotating the turbine and producing electricity. Many residential houses have these central receiver systems with mirrors that reflect sunlight on a large place filled with the fluid which helps in producing energy. (3) Nelson (2001) emphasises that the organic compounds used in the solar cells can be made out of inorganic compounds which will

National Criminal Justice Reference Service Research Paper

National Criminal Justice Reference Service - Research Paper Example History and General Overview of NCJRS The National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS) was established in 1972. It is a federally funded resource offering justice and drug-related information to support research, policy, and program development worldwide. The NCJRS Federal Sponsors include the U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs (OJP), Office of the Assistant Attorney General (OAAG), Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA), Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), National Institute of Justice (NIJ), Office for Victims of Crime (OVC), Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) and the National Institute of Corrections (NIC). It has such sections as About NCJRS, A-Z Publications/Products, Library/Abstracts, Search Q & A, Grants & Funding and Justice Events each with a distinct web link. (NCJRS Website) Its services and resources are available to anyone interested in crime, victim assistance, and public safety including policymakers, practitioners, re searchers, educators, community leaders, and the general public. NCJRS offers a range of services and resources, balancing the information needs of the field with the technological means to receive and access support. For instance, it offers extensive reference and referral services to help answer questions about crime and justice-related research, policy, and practice. Under the Search Questions & Answers section, one can access questions related to juvenile and criminal justice, victim assistance, substance abuse, and NCJRS services as found under the web link, https://www.ncjrs.gov/App/QA/SearchQA/aspx. (NCJRS Website) Further, it has an option for registering online to join the information network for receipt new publications, grants and funding opportunities, and other news and announcements. This can be accessed under the web link, https://www.ncjrs.gov/App/Secure/Registration/Register/aspx. After registration one receives Justinfo, a bi-weekly electronic newsletter that inclu des links to full text publications, notices of upcoming trainings and conferences, funding announcements, and other resources. This is found under the web link, https://www.ncjrs.gov/justinfo/dates.html. In addition, the one receives E-mail notifications on new publications and resources, periodic mailings of publications and invitations to subscribe to other topical listservs based on one’s interest areas. The NCJRS also holds conferences and promotes the conferences of others, so people can use the NCJRS website to find out about events they may wish to attend. (NCJRS Website) The NCJRS sponsoring agencies publish hundreds of reports and other information products each year to share with the public. Most of the titles are available online for order through https://www.ncjrs.gov/App/Publications/AlphaList.aspx. It has an abstracts database which is one of the largest criminal justice libraries in the world and contains information from the 1970s to the present. Available bo oks, reports, articles, and audiovisual materials include congressional hearing transcripts, research findings, unpublished research, statistics, training materials and program descriptions. Topics covered in the materials in the abstracts database include juvenile justice, victims, law enforcement, courts, corrections, crime statistics, drugs and domestic preparedness. The NCJRS provides a subject-specific thesaurus and English

Students Academic Performance in High School

Students Academic Performance in High School Even though a different set of constraints and challenges in education has been faced worldwide, educational development has been actively promoted by means of adapting to rapid global changes (Peretz, 2009). Ensuring quality of education is one of the six Education For All goals agreed by over 160 governments during the World Education Forum in Dakar in 2000; almost every country around the world has committed to enhancing education quality in an effort to achieve the goals of EFA by 2015. Governments seek to offer students an education that equips them with skills, knowledge, and wider perspectives so that students can participate in the social, economic and political lives of their nations (UNESCO, 2009). The Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) has prioritized educational sector as a key area for national development: capacity building and human resources development is one of the key strategies of the Rectangular Strategy in the third term of the national assembly (RGC, 2004). Cambodian education system is divided into four levels: pre-school education, primary education, secondary education (lower and upper) and higher education. Students from the age of three to five years old are allowed to enroll in pre-school education. To get basic education, students have to at least spend six years of primary education and three years of lower secondary education. After graduating from lower secondary education, students are provided options to continue to upper secondary education or enter secondary -level vocational training programs provided by the Ministry of Labor and Vocational Training (MOLVT). Students can also have chances to pursue their studies in university or vocational training a fter completing upper secondary education (UNESCO, 2008). The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport (MoEYS) has emphasized education quality at all levels basic, secondary and higher education because it can produce the well-educated and skilled students in order to meet the needs and requirement of the growing labor market. Education at upper secondary level is the foundation for higher education. After upper secondary school, students should have capacity to continue their studies at higher education or to specialize their studies (MoEYS, 2004). To achieve this goal, students are provided options to select the program of study: sciences and social studies. Additionally, students are required to study at least ten subjects which are compulsory to complete upper secondary education. To completely graduate from upper secondary school, students are assessed based on the scores earned at Grade 12, the final grade of upper secondary education, and the score of the national examination (UNESCO, 2008). 1.2 Problem Statement The achievement of high school students has been a great concern to educators, parents, and government. Even though measures have been taken to improve the quality of education, a large proportion of high school students perform poorly in the classroom (P. Pal, personal communication, October 10, 2010). Furthermore, some students are likely to play truant or miss their class very often. As identified in UNESCO National Education Support Strategy, the cost burden, the need for the students to work and a lack of understanding the importance of formal schooling are some of the reasons behind the low grade 12 completion rate (UNESCO, 2010). 1.3 Research Objectives There has been little qualitative research conducted on perceptions of students and teachers towards the factors influencing the students academic performance in high school in Cambodia. Therefore, the intent of this study is to identify those factors influencing students academic performance in high school. Investigation into the factors that might influence students academic performance in high schools may contribute to enhancing students learning abilities in upper secondary education as well as helping them to pursue their higher education easily. 1.4 Research Questions This study aims to answer the following research questions: How do teachers and students perceive factors influencing students academic performance? What are the differences in perceptions between teachers and students toward factors contributing to students academic performance? 1.5 Significance of Study This study is particularly significant for two main reasons. First, it will increase understanding of and contribute to the literature on students academic performance in high school in Cambodia. Second, it is hoped that the findings of this study will contribute to helping all stakeholders, namely, parents, teachers, school communities, and central agents to strengthen efficiency and quality of education in upper secondary education. 1.6 Definition of Concept Page, Thomas, and Marshall (as cited in Ogunbanjo, 2001) defined school performance as an action of a person or group when given a learning task. In education, performance refers to achievement in carrying out of a task, assignment or course. Academic performance is the level of success determined by grade point average at the end of the semester (Lamsis, 2010). Thus, in this study, academic performance is generally taken to mean students ability and achievement in the school work as measured by tests results, performance or behaviour during lessons, grades and reports. 1.7 Proposed Chapter This research study is organized in five chapters. Chapter one will consist of introduction dealing with background information of the study, problem statement, research objectives, research questions, significance of the study. The past literature, which was conducted in different settings around the world, will be examined in chapter two. Next, the research methodology will discuss in detail the participants, method, instruments, tools, data collection, data analysis, ethical consideration and limitation of the study in Chapter three. In Chapter four, finding and discussion will be identified. Finally, conclusion and recommendation will also be discussed in chapter five. CHAPTER 2 Literature Review Factors which influence students performance have been identified as including classroom management, quality of teaching staff, family social-economic status, lack of teaching facilities, inadequate student discipline, lack of student commitment, emotional problems, curriculum contents, learning situation, inadequate teacher instruction, and not enough parental involvement (Asikhia, 2010; Legotlo et al., 2002 ; Nguyen Griffin, 2010). In the study by Asikhia (2010), the focus of the investigation was on the perception of students and teachers on the causes of poor academic performance among secondary school students in Ogun State, Nigeria. The results of teachers perception indicated that teachers teaching qualifications and students background had a smaller effect on the students poor performance but teachers methods of teaching influence poor academic achievement. Students, on the other hand, thought that teachers qualifications and students home environment influenced their poor performance in school while teachers method of teaching and learning materials did not. In the study of factors influencing poor performance of grade 12 learners in two high schools in Limpo province in South Africa, Rammalas study (2009) discovered that parents low-level of education, high unemployment rate, child-headed family, unpredictable home environment, emotional problems, lack of facilities, unavailable learner support materials, lack of discipline, redeployment of education, unfamiliarity of new curriculum influenced students performance in the classroom. In a similar research study conducted in Nepal, Subedi (2003) demonstrated the factors influencing high school student achievement. This study simply aimed to investigate the effect of resources and class size on student performance. The research revealed that the availability and use of resources had a significant effect on student performance. Class size also caused negative effect to student achievement. In a research article by Legotlo et al. (2002), the focus of investigation was on perceptions of stakeholders towards causes of poor performance in grade 12 National Examinations in a province in South Africa. The results in this study revealed that inadequate resources, lack of discipline and poor morale, problems concerning the implementation of government policy, and lack of parental involvement were major causes of poor student performance. In a research study by Ogunbanjo (2001), the focus of the investigation was on the factors influencing the academic performance of underachieving learners in a South African secondary school with an inhibitive learning climate. In order to get in-dept understanding of underachieving students learning performance, a qualitative method was applied. The findings of this study identified the factors as influencing the academic performance of underachieving learners: negative attitude of learners towards their school work, negative attitudes of teachers towards learners and inflexible teaching methods by teachers, lack of parental supervision, undisciplined behavior in class, learner absenteeism, insufficient learner support material, non-encouragement from parents for learners to study, excessive home chore, demotivation and low moral towards teaching as a career, overcrowding classrooms, lack of support from the department and school administration, lack of facilities and resources, lac k of parental involvement, inadequate funding of schools, lack of parental supervision, peer pressure, lack of parental guidance and supervision, learners lack of discipline, indiscipline by learners, illiteracy among parents, and poor insight of learners about the value of education. Taken together, the results, of course, indicate that overcrowded classes, lack of facilities and resources, inflexible teaching method, and lack of parental involvement are supposed to be the fundamental factors which negatively influence the students academic performance in high schools. CHAPTER 3 Research Methodology 3.1 Research Design Qualitative researchers share in the understandings and perceptions of others and explore how people structure and give meaning to their daily lives (Berg, 2009). In a qualitative research, a case study design is used to significantly focus on one phenomenon, which the researcher selects to understand deeply regardless of the number of sites or participants for the study (Mcmillain Schumacher, 2001). Since this study mainly aims to identify key factors that students and teachers perceive as influencing academic performance in a high school, the case study approach will be employed in this study. 3.2 Participant and Sample The target participants in this study will be teachers and students in a high school in Kandal province. I will contact the school principal initially to propose my study and receive the approval before proceeding and contacting potential participants. A purposive sampling method will be employed in this study because I aim to explore in detail participants reasons for performing poorly in their studies. The sample of this study will consist of 4 students and 2 teachers from high school in question. Both male and female participants will be selected. The teachers sample will be the class teachers who regularly facilitate any activities in classroom while 11th-grade students will be chosen in this study. The students sample will include students who learn with the selected teachers. 3.3 Data Collection Unlike a quantitative method, a qualitative data gathering procedures often involve spending a lot of time in the natural setting under study or with the research participants collecting relevant information unobtrusively (Gay, Mills Airasian, 2009). Choosing data collection strategies is a process of deciding among available alternatives for collection and corroboration of data and of modifying ones decisions to capture the reality of the phenomena (McMillan Schumacher, 2001). As the purpose of this study is to gain in-depth understanding of the factors contributing to students academic performance, participant observation, semi-structured interviews and informal conversation will be carried out to collect the data. The interviews will consist of open-ended questions and will be tape-recorded (see Appendix below for the details). Individual face to face interview and informal conversation will be used for teachers and students. I will make an appointment with the participants and inform them about the reasons of conducting this study, and request for their consent to participate in my study, before carrying out interviews. The participants will be provided options to select convenient time and comfortable place for the interviews in order to ensure full cooperation and trust. I will bring a tape recorder on scheduled interviews, and with the participants permission, record the interviews which will be expected to take around 1 to 2 hours and occur in the school campus or outside the school. Interview questions will follow a general list of topics. The purpose of these interviews is to allow those involved in a school to describe in detail their perceptions and experiences. In addition to these i nterviews, I will carry on informal conversations with participants at the beginning or end of the meeting to gain more specific concepts and experiences about the influencing factors on students academic performance. Participant observation will be also employed to collect data. The emphasis during observation is on understanding the natural environment as lived by participants without manipulating (Gay, Mills Airasian, 2009). After getting permission from school principal, I will visit the school for two weeks and significantly observe what goes on in classroom and during recess periods. The observation checklist will mainly focus on time management, environment in the classroom, teaching method, and behavioral patterns of students. Each observation will take around 45 minutes. Additionally, field notes will be written at the end of each observation describing in detail the setting and activities during the lessons. To assure the accuracy and details of these notes, I will spend several hours for recording notes after leaving the field. Official documents of the school such as students attendance record, and yearly academic report will be taken with permission of the school principal, teachers and students. 3.4 Data Analysis Data analysis is begun from the initial interaction with participants and continued that interaction and analysis throughout the whole study (Gay, Mills Airasian, 2009). As data are collected from the participants, I will examine and reexamine the data in search of themes and patterns in the data. Also, prior data and newer data will be continually compared to reduce less useful data. After gathering the data from the field setting, I will listen to the tape recordings, transcribe the interview tapes and analyze the participants responses. I will organize and prepare all data into different types of information depending on the sources of information. In addition, I will read through all data collected carefully to obtain general idea of information. Coding process will be used to organize information into categories or themes. Then these themes will be chronologically sorted into table display in order to discuss interconnected themes. Finally, I will make interpretation of themes. 3.5 Ethical Consideration Before starting the data collection, I will ask the permission and approval from school principal, teachers and students for observation or tape-recorded interviews. I will explain the study objective verbally and in writing to participants and tell them truthfully that their involvement is voluntary. I will fully explain any potential benefits to school principal, teachers, and students as a result of my study. Additionally, the participants will be informed of all data collection devices and activities. If at any point during the course of the interview the participants decide they no longer desire to continue, they will feel free to simply stop the interview. To avoid any harm to the participants, their names and school will be held in strictest confidence and will never be attached to any data or report that may result from this research. I will treat the participants with respect and give the participants pseudonyms. Personal identifiers will not be included in the research repo rt released to the public in order to avoid the identification of participants. The participants will be told that their responses will be kept confidential and that no one known to them will have access to the information provided and no one can link the analyze to their names. Also, verbatim transcriptions and written interpretations and reports will be made available to the participants. 3.6 Limitation of the Study This proposal has some specific limitations. First, the researcher will only conduct this study in a high school in a province in order to identify influencing factors on students academic performance. Second, since the study will be conducted in a small number of students and teachers in a high school in Cambodia, so the results will not generalize the factors influencing students academic achievement in all high schools nationwide. Third, the purpose of this research is not to provide broad generalizations, but to provide an in-depth analysis of factors influencing students academic performance in high schools. Finally, some activities, events and information which occur at specific period of the school calendar will not be captured during a short period of visit by the researcher.

An Ethical Dilemna Essay -- GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

An Ethical Dilemna After three years with the company, Sandy was promoted to assistant plant manager. This was a big step for Unity Welding and Construction, as well as for the industry; Sandy was one of only a handful of women who had broken through the â€Å"glass ceiling† and made their way into management. She had proved to the men around her that she deserved the job, and she was now being toasted by assistant managers from other plants across the country John, her boss, had been her advocate with the company. He had personally lobbied upper management in her behalf. Unity Welding and Construction is a national firm with twenty fabrication plants, primarily in the South. The company does contract work for other companies that require welding or fabrication of metals into items used in the construction of aircraft, ships, bridges, and component parts for consumer durables. Each plant caters to specific industries. Sandy’s plant produces parts primarily for the automotive industry and is located in Arizona. Arizona is perfect for Sandy because of her acute asthma problems. As a teenager, she once visited relatives in Atlanta and had to be hospitalized because of her reactions to the different plants and foliage. Sandy’s doctor told her at the time that she would have fewer problems with her asthma if she resided in one of the arid regions of the United States. Six months had passed since Sandy’s promotion, and her first performance rating from John was excellent. John told her that if she continued this type of performance, she would probably be a plant manager in three to six years. Sandy developed some innovative ways to increase productivity during her six months on the job. For example, she successfully implemented a â€Å"team concept,† which gave responsibility for certain projects to the workers on the plant floor. She offered incentives if they could decrease job times and increase profitability. John gave Sandy his full support, and the pro-gram was working well. Worker salaries on these special projects jumped from an average of $15 per hour to $24 per hour, yet the company’s bottom line continued to improve. Workers in the plant began competing to get on special projects. With the increasing competition, Sandy noticed that the workers were starting to cut corners. Minor worker injuries began to increase, and Sandy was concerned about how... ...or. Sandy cannot modify the quality control statistics even if it means she will loose her job, and she cannot overlook the workers disposing of toxic waste improperly. Even if this means that she will be one of many, loosing their jobs. As a Rule Utilitarian Sandy cannot forget about OSHA or the EPA. She will tell John that she cannot change the information on company documents because it is unethical. Sandy will do what is morally right, even if it means she will lose her job and her health insurance along with many other employees. Looking at these various outcomes from just one dilemma shows how differently a situation can turn out because of someone’s ethical and moral philosophies. We all must make ethical decisions, and some decisions are much harder to decide then others because of what is at stake. By looking at these different philosophies, I was not trying to judge or decide what is morally right or morally wrong, instead I was just trying to bring to light how a decision can have an effect on everyone around them. Bibliography: Farrell, O. C., & Fraedrich, J. (1997). Business Ethics Ethical Decision Making and Cases. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company